The European Space Agency confirmed on Wednesday that the joint Mars sample return mission will slip to a 2031 launch, two years later than the previous baseline, following a redesign forced by budget pressure on both sides of the Atlantic.
The new architecture replaces the dedicated fetch rover with a direct handoff from Perseverance, which continues to cache samples in Jezero Crater, and consolidates the ascent vehicle and orbiter procurement under a single prime contractor. ESA said the changes cut projected mission cost by roughly a quarter.
Agency scientists stressed that the samples are stable indefinitely in their sealed tubes. "The rocks have waited four billion years," the program's lead scientist said. "They can wait two more."